Case Study - Organisational Development Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

- Organisational Development - Case Study Example Notably, such poor leadership skills portrayed in poor organizational communication usually lead to increased conflict thereby leading to poor production. Therefore, this case aims at addressing vital interventions and the modes they can be applied towards achieving their intended applications towards correcting the current lame organizational leadership systems. To manage systematic changes in an organization, often organization development interventions prove useful. The Chris Argyris’ Ladder of Inference is the first intervention used to solve the problems of VRD (Argyris, 1985; Pg. 37). The Ladder of inference illustrates that to reach to a conclusion or draw inference it is necessary for follow the steps in the ladder that includes observing the available data, selecting the relevant data, affixing meaning to the data, making assumptions, developing belief and drawing conclusion and finally taking action based on the belief. In this applications, the inference to be applied in working the conclusions to the underlying organization problems include opinions, beliefs, and or conclusion drawn from gathering data that are based on cultural or personal experiences. The same data must be supported data based on the premises that the same data is true. In VRD, the implication of the Ladder of Inference can be explained base on the available data or evidence that shows that the organization lack strong leadership and employees are not ready to quit the status quo or to accept organizational changes. Notably, both the employees and the management are unable to understand the need of a radical change among other factors such as ineffective communication, lack of innovation, and change in the VRD’s organizational management. Other data sets that can be drawn in case for managerial management adjustments include the inadequate organizational communication that leads to poor production and

Corporation Tax, Income Taxes, and Capital Gains Tax at the United Essay

Corporation Tax, Income Taxes, and Capital Gains Tax at the United Kingdom - Essay Example A limited amount of companies must pay corporation tax. The self-employed do not. However, in almost all circumstances, cooperatives, housing associations, members' clubs, and trade associations must pay corporation tax (Wikipedia, 2007). Companies that are obligated to pay corporation taxes on their profits are required to perform certain activities. First of all, they are required to notify HM Revenue and Customs that they indeed are in operation at that they are among those required to pay corporate taxes. Then, the company must file a self-assessment Company Tax Return without being assessed by the HMRC, similar to individuals who are required to file their own income taxes without first being assessed by the IRS. Lastly, this requires that accurate records of all financial dealings that contribute to the information submitted to the HMRC be kept at all times. In order for corporations that must pay corporation tax to avoid fines, they must know their statutory filing date and their normal due date. Each company must hold full responsibility for calculating its own corporation taxes and paying the amount due before the deadline. If a company fails to do so, they will owe a penalty. According to Business Link, "A company can send in its Company Tax Return at any time after the end of its accounting period but must do so no later than the statutory filing date. This is later of (a) 12 months after the end of your company's accounting period [or] (b) three months after your company receives a "notice to deliver a Company Tax Return form CT600" from HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)" (2007). Companies who do not send their returns on time receive penalties. Companies who regularly submit their returns late enjoy increasingly higher penalties. Penalties can also be assessed for returns that are incorrect or for companies who fail to tell HMRC that they are liable to pay corporate taxes. Business Link claims that "Payment of the corporation tax itself is due exactly nine months and one day after what is called your normal due date. For most companies, the normal due date is the last day of the accounting period. So if a company's tax return covers the accounting period 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2004, then the corporation tax should be paid no later than 1 October 2005" (2007).